Monday, 3 June 2013

Varosha and Tymbou at the heart of goodwill measures


The European Union, with the consent of Nicosia and Ankara, is working out a formula for the return of Famagusta, Foreign Minister Ioannis Kasoulides has said.

Mr Kasoulides who is flying to Paris today, told CyBC that from the messages that Turkey has given to Brussels, this seems likely. Of course this is very early days, but since the Turkish side agrees to allow the EU to examine the possibility with the two sides, this is a very big step”.

“Surely if we want the talks to have a genuine prospect whereby the negotiators, the President and the National Council has the will and trust of the people behind it, something big has to happen”.

Yesterday’s Politis revealed that the handing over of Varosha is at the centre of an effort to pave the way for a final solution. At a recent dinner in Brussels of EU foreign ministers facilitated by EU Commissioner Stefan Fule a procedure for confidence building measures was agreed centering on Varosha and Tymbou airport. The paper says the Greek Cypriot side has made clear that it would not rule out the possibility of allowing Tymbou to operate legally in exchange for Varosha provided this did not entail recognition of the state in the north. The paper says that a technical committee will explore with Turkey and the Cyprus Foreign Ministry whether this is feasible. Despite the legal obstacles, it is acknowledged by all that if this happens everyone will be a winner with the ultimate aim of a solution being reached by the end of 2013 beginning of 2014.

The paper quotes reliable sources as saying that preparations are underway for a new cycle of talks on the Cyprus problem due to start in early October and that the new initiative based on Varosha and Tymbou airport is its centrepoint.

Meanwhile, the paper says, both the Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots have a lot to do until then. President Anastasiades has a meeting of the National Council in mid June which will be organised on a new footing. He is expected to submit to the Council his new approach on the Cyprus problem in accordance with his pre-election promises and he must also appoint a new negotiator by end of June. The Turkish Cypriots on their part are heading for elections at the end of July the result of which will decide policy on the Cyprus problem. In the meantime there is the possibility of goodwill gestures from both sides, while the Greek Cypriots may also have an issue with Downer though this is more for internal consumption.

Further goodwill gestures are also being discussed. One possibility is for President Anastasiades, Dervis Eroglu and Archbishop Chrysostomos being allowed to visit Apostolos Andreas as a precursor to the church being renovated. Other measures could be the opening of Turkish ports to ships flying the Greek Cypriot flag, allowing Cyprus Airways planes to fly over Turkey in exchange for the opening of the port of Famagusta and the opening of certain chapters in Turkey’s negotiations with the EU.

As regards the Cyprus problem, the Greek Cypriot side is focusing on involving Turkey in the negotiations without of course turning it into a four-party conference.  It is with this in mind that Foreign Minister Kasoulides met recently with US officials particularly with Eric Rubin. The US official said that he was willing to get actively involved in order to solve the Cyprus problem. The US doesn’t want to impose any particular solution but points to the huge window of opportunity that exists for Cyprus within the context of the overall effort to solve all the regional problems such as Palestine, Syria, and Lebanon as well as the rapprochement between Turkey and Israel. The catalyst for all this is the natural gas deposits found in the area which will either help achieve peace in the region or lead to a catastrophic crisis for all. It is with this in mind that John Kerry will soon pay a visit to the region with contacts in Tel Aviv and Ankara.

President Anastasiades will submit to the National Council on 15 June the name of the person he wishes to appoint as negotiator for the Cyprus problem, Politis newspaper said yesterday.

It says that forerunner for this position is EuroMP Panayiotis Demetriou, a lawyer with a lot of experience in the EU and in politics and who enjoys the trust of both the President and the Foreign Minister.

Other names that have been heard include diplomats Andreas Mavrogiannis, Nikos Emiliou and Tasos Tzionis, as well as legal brains Aleckos Markides and Polis Polyviou.

Andreas Paraschos writing in Kathimerini says that all the shenanigans before the Downer dinner have made every serious citizen in this country worry even more.

He refers to the preparations for a new cycle of talks on the Cyprus problem and says that the day will come when we will be begging for a version of the Annan plan to say yes to but nobody will be there to give us that opportunity.

He says that sundry voices from DIKO, DISY and AKEL may be shouting now, but that’s because they know there is no place for them in the new structure that will come about as a result of an agreed solution. This is because these people are the old, corrupt, rotten establishment so it is natural that they will react and shout since they have nothing to propose and nothing to offer this country. These are the parasites that are drinking our blood, who are eating our children’s food, who impinge on every opportunity to prosper we have left.

These are our opponents now. We have nothing in common with them, we must divorce from them. Or they should just leave us alone.  We believe that within the two major Greek Cypriot parties there are brains that can go for a quick and effective solution to the Cyprus problem, which will completely change the economic climate. It was all very well when we had the financial wherewithal to wait for the developers to sell the bubbles they created to feed the party parasites and continue to set their terms on politics and the economy. But what will happen now when the new Bank of Cyprus fires more than three thousand employees and their salaries will stop entering the system? The situation will be even uglier in the autumn than it is today.

That is why the deadlines have now become suffocating for us. For us foolish Greek Cypriots who could not see five meters beyond our noses, as well as for our politicians, who, with a few exceptions, did not want to see five centimeters beyond their pocket. That is why the once major slogans of "no arbitration and no tight deadlines" have become shouts of despair. Now we will be begging for tight deadlines so that maybe we can find some bread to eat. It is with a solution, even if only through the reconstruction of Varosha, that things will change radically in the economy.

The building industry will grow based on real needs and not artificial arrangements. New horizons will open up for Cyprus in the tourist industry because the Greece-Turkey-Cyprus triangle is considered one of the most attractive in the world setting the foundation for lasting peace and coexistence.

It is for this reason that there is need for robust and wise leadership. So far Nikos Anastasiades’ antics do not inspire faith that they recognise this need. Hopefully they will get serious, if they have any brains at all…

George Koumoullis writing in Politis on 1 June says that throughout Ottoman rule of Cyprus and up until 1955, relations between Greek and Turkish Cypriots were excellent. Things started to go wrong when we embarked on a military struggle for Enosis, completely ignoring the sensitivities, concerns and vision of the Turkish Cypriots, as if they had nothing to do with Cyprus.

The truth must be stated. The EOKA struggle for enosis, union with Greece, (and not for independence, as is mistakenly being heralded) is what destroyed the traditional friendship between Greek and Turkish Cypriots.

Why on earth would any Turkish Cypriot living in 1955 ever have agreed to be united with a country where dictatorship followed dictatorship with dramatic repercussions for the average citizens? Where he could have been arrested without trial and sent to concentration camps? When to get a job in the civil service, even as a road sweeper, he would need a ‘suitable’ certificate of social allegiance? When he would be spied on from all sides and the corner kiosk seller would inform the police if he bought a paper that was not “nationalistic”? The bitter truth is that Cypriots in 1955 under British rule enjoyed considerably greater freedom than the citizens of Greece, who were deprived of their most basic freedoms. It is therefore an oxymoron to call that struggle a struggle for ‘freedom’.

The conclusion is that in 1955 we pushed our Turkish Cypriot compatriots into the arms of Turkey with disastrous consequences for us. When Cyprus gained ‘independence’ in 1960 (in inverted commas, because in reality it was neither independent, sovereign nor self-determined), we should have cooperated with the Turkish Cypriots who admittedly were given more power than logic demanded. But had we had a modicum of brains, we should have supported this favourable treatment given to the Turkish Cypriots in order to heal the wounds of the preceding five years and to make them feel that they were our compatriots for the good of our country as a whole. This could have been the beginning of their independence from Turkey. Instead we kept on talking about enosis and the Turkish Cypriots felt the ground shake beneath their feet.

Case in point is that on 25 January 1961, just five months after independence, a demonstration was held in Metaxas square (now renamed Eleftherias sq) on the occasion of the referendum for enosis (with the participation of members of the House of Representatives as well as Ministers, who are normally sworn to uphold the Constitution which clearly excluded Enosis) in order to proclaim their unwavering passion for Enosis! As if this wasn’t enough, we were hatching plans to exterminate the Turkish Cypriots (eg the Akritas plan).

Of course the Turkish Cypriots themselves made tragic mistakes as they too began to arm themselves instead of denouncing the Greek Cypriots internationally.

But it was the Greek Cypriots who were the first to undermine Cyprus’ independence and not the Turkish Cypriots. The latter had no reason to upset the status quo since they clearly came out best from the Zurich agreements. So I don’t know why we talk of a Turkish Cypriot rebellion rather than Greek Cypriot.

But even today, our position vis a vis the Turkish Cypriots is childish, divisive and suicidal. For example, we celebrate the victory of the President of the Cyprus Republic with Greek flags! This is such a ridiculous, stupid and partitionist act that only willingly blind people can’t see it. Surely Mr Anastasiades as President of all Cypriots, disagrees with this phenomenon but cannot control the youth who have been infected by the nationalist virus. These people destroy all hope of reconciliation since the message that they are giving out is that we are only interested in a Greek Republic of Cyprus. And even more strange is why we do not proceed with choosing a national anthem for Cyprus. Having an anthem for our state would in no way deny our ethnicity. A state anthem apart from strengthening our statehood and getting rid of an anomaly (using another country’s national anthem), would greatly facilitate reconciliation.

Today's stalemate is not the fault of the Americans or the British but our own inability to regain the trust of the Turkish Cypriots which was shattered to smithereens in 1955. Already the Turkish Cypriots are an endangered species. If they do become extinct, we would have a Turkey, at the end of Ledra Street, with an area 54 times bigger than ours, a population 100 times larger than ours, a GDP 58 times greater than ours and above all an army which is massively greater than ours. Given this unequal balance of power, is there any doubt that the next species due for extinction will be us?

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